Baby Boomers have benefited from a multitude of medical advances throughout their lives. They were the first generation to benefit from many 20th century vaccines that reduced the incidence of serious childhood diseases. Subsequently, new medical developments have reduced deaths from cancer, heart disease, and many other serious health conditions.

But science has not been able to guarantee that the process of growing older will be free from illness or disability. As people age, the incidence of health conditions rises, a fact that Baby Boomers are just beginning to face. While younger Boomers are still generally enjoying good health, older Boomers are reaching the point at which people often begin to confront health problems. In addition, although Boomers are aware of the need to be proactive in maintaining good health, many are not doing so. In 2002, 38% of younger Boomers (aged 35 to 44) and 31% of older Boomers (aged 45 to 54) were current users of some form of tobacco. Most Boomers are overweight and a significant percentage is obese. Most do not get recommended levels of exercise.

As Boomers age, the number of older adults who are vulnerable to health problems will rise considerably. This may stress the nation's healthcare financing and delivery systems unless broad reaching health policies and practices can be put into place. In addition, although development of some health conditions may be an inevitable part of aging, it is unlikely that Boomers will passively accept this fact. Demand for more resources to meet their healthcare needs and new research into the health problems afflicting them will most likely increase.